Are you planning to attend an interview for the AWS role but confused on how to crack that interview and also what would be the most probable AWS Interview Questions that the interviewer may ask? Well, you have reached the right place. Tekslate has collected the most frequently asked AWS Interview Questions and Answers which are often asked in multiple interviews.
Ans: Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a secure cloud services platform, offering computing power, database storage, content delivery, and other functionality to help businesses scale and grow.
Ans: EBS is a virtualized SAN or storage area network. That means it is RAID storage to start with so it's redundant and fault-tolerant. If disks die in that RAID you don't lose data. Great! It is also virtualized, so you can provision and allocate storage, and attach it to your server with various API calls. No calling the storage expert and asking him or her to run specialized commands from the hardware vendor.
Performance on EBS can exhibit variability. That is it can go above the SLA performance level, then drop below it. The SLA provides you with an average disk I/O rate you can expect. This can frustrate some folks especially performance experts who expect reliable and consistent disk throughput on a server. Traditional physically hosted servers behave that way. Virtual AWS instances do not.
Backup EBS volumes by using the snapshot facility via an API call or via a GUI interface like an elastic fox.
Improve performance by using Linux software raid and striping across four volumes.
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Ans: For secure Amazon EC2 best practices, follow the following steps
Ans: AMI stands for Amazon Machine Image. It is effectively a snapshot of the root filesystem. Commodity hardware servers have a bio that points to the master boot record of the first block on a disk. A disk image though can sit anywhere physically on a disk, so Linux can boot from an arbitrary location on the EBS storage network.
Build a new AMI by first spinning up and instance from a trusted AMI. Then adding packages and components as required. Be wary of putting sensitive data onto an AMI. For instance, your access credentials should be added to an instance after spinup. With a database, mount an outside volume that holds your MySQL data after spinup as well.
Ans: Autoscaling is a feature of AWS which allows you to configure and automatically provision and spin up new instances without the need for your intervention. You do this by setting thresholds and metrics to monitor. When those thresholds are crossed a new instance of your choosing will be spun up, configured, and rolled into the load balancer pool. Voila, you've scaled horizontally without any operator intervention!
Ans: The most obvious way is to roll-your-own scripts and uses the AWS API tools. Such scripts could be written in bash, Perl, or other languages or your choice. The next option is to use configuration management and provisioning tools like puppet or better its successor Opscode Chef. You might also look towards a tool like Scalr. Lastly, you can go with a managed solution such as Rightscale.
Ans: Configuration management has been around for a long time in web operations and systems administration. Yet the cultural popularity of it has been limited. Most systems administrators configure machines as the software was developed before version control - that is manually making changes on servers. Each server can then and usually is slightly different. Troubleshooting though is straightforward as you log in to the box and operate on it directly. Configuration management brings a large automation tool into the picture, managing servers like strings of a puppet. This forces standardization, best practices, and reproducibility as all configs are versioned and managed. It also introduces a new way of working which is the biggest hurdle to its adoption.
Enter the cloud, and configuration management becomes even more critical. That's because virtual servers such as amazon's EC2 instances are much less reliable than physical ones. You absolutely need a mechanism to rebuild them as-is at any moment. This pushes best practices like automation, reproducibility, and disaster recovery into centre stage.
Ans: Traditional perimeter security that we're already familiar with using firewalls and so forth is not supported in the Amazon EC2 world. AWS supports security groups. One can create a security group for a jump box with ssh access - only port 22 open. From there a webserver group and database group are created. The webserver group allows 80 and 443 from the world, but port 22 *only* from the jump box group. Further, the database group allows port 3306 from the webserver group and port 22 from the jump box group. Add any machines to the webserver group and they can all hit the database. No one from the world can, and no one can directly ssh to any of your boxes.
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Ans: From a single AMI, you can launch multiple types of instances. An instance type defines the hardware of the host computer used for your instance. Each instance type provides different compute and memory capabilities. Once you launch an instance, it looks like a traditional host, and we can interact with it as we would with any computer.
Ans: Cloud computing is internet-based computing whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on-demand, like the electricity grid.
Ans: Components in a cloud refer to the platforms, like the front end, back end, and cloud-based delivery and the network used. All together it forms an architecture for cloud computing. With the main components like SAAS, PAAS, and IAAS there are 11 more major categories in cloud computing that are:
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